Copyright NDSL,Chang Gung University.Permission required for reproduction or display.WiMAX技術發展趨勢:過去、現在與未來OutlineBackgroundIEEE 802.16 Standardization and WiMAX ForumWiMAX Systems&Protocols OverviewIntroduction to IEEE 8021.6j&IEEE 802.16mUsage modelsWork plane and documentsRequirements&evaluation methodologyNetwork architecture&reference modelAdvanced features&challenges of IEEE 802.16mNext Wave Technologies in WiMAX2NDSLab Copyright2008Wireless Standards4 main usage segments are specifiedRange,Power,Source：拓墣產業研究所，2004.02WII3NDSLab Copyright2008WiMAX on the Path of Fixed/Mobile ConvergenceFixedMobileWill Convergence Wi-FiWCDMA802.16(WiMAX)Spectrum2.4G,5.8GHz(Unlicensed)Around 2GHz(Licensed)211,1066 GHz(Licensed,Unlicensed)Channel AccessContention-based Scheduled ScheduledBit RateUp to 54MbpsUp to 2MbpsUp to 75 MbpsMobilityFixed,PortableMobileFixed,Portable,MobileModulation SchemeCDMA,OFDMCDMAOFDM,OFDMATypical Communication Range100s meters10s kilo-meters10s kilo-meters4NDSLab Copyright2008Deployment of WiMAX ServiceSource:WiMAX Forum/SiemensBackhaul FeedingPoint-to-point link for fixed infrastructureFixed Wireless AccessWireless local loop for hot-spot feedingNomadic AccessCPEs in hot-zone access the service directlyPortable/Mobile AccessHandover function enabling mobile data feeding5NDSLab Copyright2008Why WiMAX?Even having Sprint win,WiMAX is still a mid-term to long-term technology6NDSLab Copyright2008OutlineBackgroundIEEE 802.16 Standardization and WiMAX ForumWiMAX Systems&Protocols OverviewIntroduction to IEEE 802.16j&IEEE 802.16mUsage modelsWork plane and documentsRequirements&evaluation methodologyNetwork architecture&reference modelAdvanced features&challenges of IEEE 802.16mNext Wave Technologies in WiMAX7NDSLab Copyright2008Background of IEEE 802.161998:IEEE 802 SG on“Broadband Wireless Access”(BWA)(Prof.Roger B.Mark,Chair,IEEE 802.16 WG,Jan.2001)1999:1st IEEE 802.16 ProjectScope:PHY and MAC layer of the air interface of interoperable fixed point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access systems.The specification enables transport of data,video,and voice services.It applies to systems operating in the vicinity of 30 GHz but is broadly applicable to systems operating between 10 and 66 GHz.8NDSLab Copyright2008IEEE 802.16 Standards802.16MAC+10-66GHz PHY802.16a2-11GHz PHY802.16cConformance802.16-2004Revision802.16eMobility802.16/Cor1Maintenance802.16e-2005Revision802.16h-2009License Exempt802.16jMulti-hop Relay802.16fMIB(fixed)802.16iMIB(mobile)802.16gManagement802.16kBridging802.16/Conf0110GHz PICS802.16/Conf0310GHz RCT802.16/Conf0210GHzTSS&TP802.16/Conf0411Ghz PICS802.16.2-2001Coexistence802.16.2-2004RevisionManagementCoexistenceConformanceAir Interface:finalized and published:under development802.16mNext GenerationWiMAX2802.16Rev2Consolidate9NDSLab Copyright2008WiMAX ForumWiMAX:Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave AccessFormed in Apr 2001,by Intel,Proxim,Airspan,Fujitsu,etc.500+members including Intel,R&S,Alvarion,Wavesat,PicoChip,Sony,Samsung,Nokia,TI,ADI,III,ITRI,etc.Major MissionsTo promote deployment of BWA by using a global standard and certifying interoperability of products and technologies.Develop baseline test specs,to facilitate the global interoperability of products and technologiesSupport IEEE 802.16 standardsWiMAX Product Certification802.16-2004 CPE:Wavesat,Airspan,Siemens,802.16-2004 BS:Aperto,Redline,Sequans,Airspan,Siemens,Preparing for 802.16e complianceWiMAX ForumTWGTechnicalCWGCertificationNWGNetworkSPWGService ProviderRWGRegulatoryAWGApplicationEWGEvolutionaryGRWGGlobal roamingMWGMarketing10NDSLab Copyright2008WiMAX Forum CertificationWiMAX equipments are certified by WiMAX Forum after passing the certification tests of WFDCL(WiMAX Forum Designated Certification Laboratory)Certification process includes Radio Conformance Test(RCT),Protocol Conformance Test(PCT),and Interoperability Test(IOT)46 CPEs and 35 BSs have been certified by WiMAX Forum(due Dec.2008)CPEWFDCLBS全球市場全球市場11NDSLab Copyright2008PlugfestWiMAX論壇所舉辦之插拔大會(Plugfest)是讓WiMAX設備供應廠商將其所開發之產品，在進行正式互通性測試之前，彼此間先進行互通互連預先測試的活動，以驗證是否符合標準的要求，並對產品作必要的修正以增進產品的互通功能。
參與插拔大會的廠商在取得產品的基本互通功能驗證後，WiMAX論壇即會頒予參與測試的設備供應廠商通過互通驗證的活動標章，廠商可將其列於行銷文宣中進行宣傳12NDSLab Copyright2008IEEE 802.16 vs.WiMAX ForumIEEE 802.16 Standards802.16 d/e define data and control plane functions in wireless PHY/MAC802.16 f/g/i define management plane functions(NETMAN)WiMAX NWGASN(Access Service Network)part of WiMAX network is defined by WiMAX Forum NWGWiMAX CWG/TWGTechnical Incorporation with IEEE 802.16Product Certification and Product InteroperabilityWiMAX MACWiMAX PHYData/Control PlaneMACManagementEntityPHYManagementEntityManagement PlaneASN Control&Transport FunctionsConnectivity ServiceNetwork(CSN)13NDSLab Copyright2008OutlineBackgroundIEEE 802.16 Standardization and WiMAX ForumWiMAX Systems&Protocols OverviewIntroduction to IEEE 802.16j&IEEE 802.16mUsage modelsWork plane and documentsRequirements&evaluation methodologyNetwork architecture&reference modelAdvanced features&challenges of IEEE 802.16mNext Wave Technologies in WiMAX14NDSLab Copyright2008WiMAX Network Reference ModelASN:Access Service NetworkCSN:Connectivity Service NetworkNAP:Network Access ProvidersASP:Application Service ProviderSource:WiMAX ForumASN15NDSLab Copyright2008WiMAX Network ArchitectureASN GWASN GWWiMAX BSWiMAX BSWiMAX SSWiMAX MSWiMAX MSR1R6R8R3R3R6R6R6R1R1R1R1R4R8MS:Mobile StationSS:Stationary StationRx:Reference point xASN GW:Access Service Network GatewayIntra-ASN Mobility:R6,R8Inter-ASN Mobility:R3,R4Source:WiMAX Forum16NDSLab Copyright2008NCMS Generic Part NCMS RRM support PartBS Radio Access Plane BS Backbone PlaneNCMS Generic Part NCMS RRM support PartBS Radio Access PlaneBS Backbone PlaneWiMAX CPE,BS and ASN GW(16d)802.16 PHY802.16 MACRRM&HandoverAir Link SecurityIP and GRE ServicesEthernetSFM/RRAGateway&RouterServiceIntra ASN MobilityWiMAX Network ManagementDP FnCLI/SNMPAgentWiMAX BSWiMAX ASN Gateway802.16 PHY802.16 MACAir Link SecurityCPE ApplicationWiMAX CPEUDP/TCP/IPIP and GRE TunnelSFA/RRCDP FnCLI:Existed Tech:Developed in 2006:Chipset provider17NDSLab Copyright2008802.16e MACNCMS Generic Part NCMS RRM support PartBS Radio Access Plane BS Backbone PlaneNCMS Generic Part NCMS RRM support PartBS Radio Access PlaneBS Backbone PlaneWiMAX CPE,BS and ASN GW(16e)802.16 PHY802.16e MACEthernetGateway&RouterServiceCLI/SNMPAgent(802.16i)WiMAX BSWiMAX ASN Gatewayand AuthenticatorEAPWiMAX CPEPKMv2CLI:Existed Tech:Developed in 2007:Chipset providerPKMv2PKMv1RRM&HandoverEthernetRADIUSAAA ServerIPEAP MethodGRE/IP TunnelDP CtrlSFMRRAPaging AgentHandover FnContext FnAuth RelayGRE/IP TunnelDP CtrlSFARRMPaging ControlIntra ASN MobilityContext FnAuth RelayEAP802.16 PHYEAP MethodR1R2Transport ProtocolTransport ProtocolRADIUSEthernetR6R318NDSLab Copyright2008OutlineBackgroundIEEE 802.16 Standardization and WiMAX ForumWiMAX Systems&Protocols OverviewIntroduction to IEEE 8021.6j&IEEE 802.16mUsage modelsWork plane and documentsRequirements&evaluation methodologyNetwork architecture&reference modelAdvanced features&challenges of IEEE 802.16mNext Wave Technologies in WiMAX19NDSLab Copyright2008Future Technologies in WiMAX802.16j Multi-hop RelayAiming at developing relay based on IEEE802.16e,to gain:Coverage extension,andThroughput enhancementScopeTo specify OFDMA PHY and MAC enhancement to IEEE Std.802.16 for licensed bands to enable the operation of relay stationsSubscriber station specifications are not changedP802.16m Next Generation WiMAX2Advanced Air Interface for BWA in the futureMoving towards 4GScope:To amend the IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN-OFDMA to provide an advanced air interface for operation in licensed bands To meet the cellular layer requirements of IMT-Advanced next generation mobile networksTo provide continuing support for legacy WirelessMAN-OFDMA equipment20NDSLab Copyright2008Copyright NDSL,Chang Gung University.Permission required for reproduction or display.IEEE 802.16j Multihop RelayBenefits of Using RelayBSLRSRSRSRSLoad sharing and multi-path redundancy:reduces infrastructure costs!RSSpectrally efficient architectures:reduces costly antenna structures!RSDecreased Mobile Station power per bit transmitted and received:increases MS battery life!RSFlexible cell site placement:speeds deployment,reduces site acquisition and backhaul costs!RSRSRSBut,issues to be resolved Latency and overhead increase with each hop Infrastructure complexity Interference still limits performanceSource:Intel,2006 22NDSLab Copyright2008cost(total)Nuser*cost()+cost(system)cost(system)NBS*(cost()+cost(to BS)+other()NBS Wuser=average user capacity to produce serviceWsystem=maximum capacity per base stationRmax=maximum base station cell radiusCost of Mobile SystemsNote:cost=PV(CAPEX)+PV(OPEX)Keys to lower the infrastructure cost23NDSLab Copyright2008Topics and Categories in 16j1.Frame Structure2.Network Entry3.Security 4.BW request5.Mobility Management6.Routing,Path,Connection and Service Flow Managements7.Construction&transmission of MAC PDUs8.HARQ9.Measurement&reporting10.RRM,Scheduling&Interference control11.PHY12.Other MAC24NDSLab Copyright2008Copyright NDSL,Chang Gung University.Permission required for reproduction or display.IEEE 802.16m Overview of IEEE 802.16m ProgramSince January 2007,the IEEE 802.16 Working Group has embarked on development of a new amendment of the IEEE 802.16 standard(i.e.,IEEE 802.16m)in order to meet the requirements of ITU-R/IMT-Advanced(System Beyond IMT-2000,fixed 1Gbps,mobile 100Mbps)for 4G systems while maintaining full backward compatibility with the existing mobile WiMAX systems.The standardization of IEEE 802.16m and release 2.0 of mobile WiMAX profile are expected to complete by the end of 2010.IEEE 802.16m utilizes OFDMA as the preferred multiple access method in the downlink and uplink to provide the state-of-the-art broadband wireless access in the next decade.26NDSLab Copyright200816m DocumentationUsage Models/Deployment Scenarios&System RequirementsA set of possible deployment scenarios and applications of the P802.16m standardEvaluation MethodologyA complete set of parameters,models,and methodologies for the link-level and system-level simulations that allow fair evaluation/comparison of various technical proposals.Channels Models:A set of spatial channel model parameters are specified to characterize particular features of MIMO radio channels to be used for simulating technical proposals for the future P802.16m standardSystem description document(SDD)P802.16m amendment802.16 IMT-Advanced Proposal27NDSLab Copyright2008Development Schedule of 16mCall for SDD details issued in Jul 08First Call for Proposals for 802.16m Text issued in Jul 08Sep 07*Jan08*Nov 08*Initial P.Working DocMar 09Letter BallotSponsor BallotSep 09Nov 08Nov 07Jan 09IEEE 802.16m802.16mAmendmentIMT Advanced ProposalSystem DescriptionSystem RequirementsEvaluationMethodologyITU-R IMT AdvancedIMT.TECHIMT.EVALIMT.RADIOJun 08 Oct 08 Proposal SubmissionJan09First Call for Proposals for SDD issued in Sept 07Circular LetterJun 08 Proposal Evaluation&Consensus BuildingDevelop Recommendation Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4200720082009Q1Q2Q3Q4Apr MayJun JulAugSep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr MayJun JulAug Sep Oct NovDec Jan Feb Mar Apr MayJun JulAugSep Oct NovDec Jan Feb Mar Apr MayJun JulAugSep Oct NovDecQ1Q2Q3Q42010Oct 09 Jun 10 Final ProposalSept 09*System Requirements and Evaluation Methodology,System Description,IMT-Advanced Proposal Documents may be further updated based on ITU output(shown by dotted lines).802.16m amendment is dependent on the 802.16Rev2 Project completionITU based UpdatesRefinementsAprApr MayMayJunJun JulJulAugAug SepSep OctOct NovNov DecDec JanJan FebFeb MarMar AprApr MayMayJunJun JulJulAugAug SepSep OctOct NovNov DecDec JanJan FebFeb MarMar AprApr MayMayJunJun JulJulAugAug SepSep OctOct NovNov DecDec JanJan FebFeb MarMar AprApr MayMayJunJun JulJulAugAug SepSep OctOct NovNov DecDecIEEE 802.16ITU-R WP5DMar 10ITU based UpdatesFinalized28NDSLab Copyright2008System Requirements of 16m(1)Additional RequirementsIMT-AdvancedIEEE 802.16mPeak data rate(b/s/Hz/sector)DL:15(4x4)UL:6.75(2x4)DL:8.0/15.0(2x2/4x4)UL:2.8/6.75(1x2/2x4)Cell spectral efficiency(b/s/Hz/sector)DL(4x2)=2.2UL(2x4)=1.4(Base coverage urban)DL(2x2)=2.6UL(1x2)=1.3(Mixed Mobility)Cell edge user spectral efficiency(b/s/Hz)DL(4x2)=0.06UL(2x4)=0.03(Base coverage urban)DL(2x2)=0.09UL(1x2)=0.05(Mixed Mobility)LatencyC-plane:100 ms(idle to active)U-plane:10 msC-plane:100 ms(idle to active)U-plane:10 msMobilityb/s/Hz at km/h0.55 at 120 km/h0.25 at 350 km/hOptimal performance up to 10 km/h“Graceful degradation”up to 120 km/h“Connectivity”up to 350 km/hUp to 500 km/h depending on operating frequencyHandover interruption time(ms)Intra frequency:27.5 Inter frequency:40(in a band)60(between bands)Intra frequency:27.5 Inter frequency:40(in a band)60(between bands)VoIP capacity(Active users/sector/MHz)40(4x2 and 2x4)(Base coverage urban)30(DL 2x2 and UL 1x2)IEEE 802.16m functional and performance requirements are more comprehensive and more stringent than IMT-Advanced requirementsSource:IEEE 802.16m29NDSLab Copyright2008System Requirements of 16m(2)Additional RequirementsIMT-AdvancedIEEE 802.16mAntenna ConfigurationNot specifiedDL:2x2(baseline),2x4,4x2,4x4,8x8UL:1x2(baseline),1x4,2x4,4x4Cell Range and CoverageNot specifiedUp to 100 km with optimal performance up to 5 kmMulticast and Broadcast Service(MBS)Not specified4 bps/Hz for ISD 0.5 km and 2 bps/Hz for ISD 1.5 kmMBS channel reselection interruption timeNot specified1.0 s(intra-frequency)1.5 s(inter-frequency)Location based services(LBS)Not specifiedLocation determination latency 30 sMS-based position determination accuracy 50 mNetwork-based position determination accuracy 100 mOperating bandwidthUp to 40 MHz(with aggregation)5 to 20 MHz(up to 100 MHz through band aggregation)Duplex schemeNot specifiedTDD,FDD(support for H-FDD terminals)Operating frequenciesIMT bandsIMT bands(below 6 GHz)Source:IEEE 802.16mIEEE 802.16m is suitable for a large set of usage models,applications,and services30NDSLab Copyright2008Evaluation MethodologyThe objective of IEEE 802.16m evaluation methodology is to define link-level and system-level simulation models and associated parameters that shall be used in the evaluation and comparison of technology proposals for IEEE 802.16mEvaluation CriteriaModeling RequirementsLink Level ModelSystem Level ModelPropagation and Channel ModelAntenna PatternTraffic ModelFairness CriterionPerformance MetricsSimulation Simulation FrameworkSimulation MethodologySimulation ProcedureSimulation Results and Evaluation ReportSource:IEEE 802.16m31NDSLab Copyright2008Overall 16m Network ArchitectureSource:IEEE 802.16mSimilar to 16e network architecture defined by WiMAX Forum NWG32NDSLab Copyright2008Connections in 16mSource:IEEE 802.16mIn addition to BS and MS,RS(Relay Station)is also included in 16m33NDSLab Copyright2008System Reference Model of 16mIEEE 802.16mData/Control PlaneIEEE 802.16f/g NetMANManagement PlanePhysical Layer(PHY)PHY SAPSecurity Sub-LayerMedium AccessControl FunctionsRadio ResourceControlandManagement FunctionsMAC SAPConvergenceSub-LayerCS SAPSecurity Sub-LayerManagement LayerCommon PartSub-LayerManagement EntityPhysical LayerManagement EntityService SpecificConvergence Sub-LayerRANControlandTransportFunctionsWiMAX NWGRANArchitectureExternalNetworksMAC Common-Part Sub-LayerOutside IEEE 802.16m Scope34NDSLab Copyright2008OutlineBackgroundIEEE 802.16 Standardization and WiMAX ForumWiMAX Systems&Protocols OverviewIntroduction to IEEE 8021.6j&IEEE 802.16mUsage modelsWork plane and documentsRequirements&evaluation methodologyNetwork architecture&reference modelAdvanced features&challenges of IEEE 802.16mNext Wave Technologies in WiMAX35NDSLab Copyright2008Advanced Features&Challenges of 16m(1)Unified single-user/multi-user MIMO Architecturesupport various advanced multi-antenna processing techniques including open-loop and closed single-user/multi-user MIMO schemes(single stream and multi-stream)Support multi-cell MIMO techniquesMulti-carrier supportThe RF carriers may be of different bandwidths and can be non-contiguous or belong to different frequency bandsThe channels may be of different duplexing modes,e.g.FDD,TDDSupport wider band(up to 100MHz)by BW aggregation across contiguous or non-contiguous channels36NDSLab Copyright2008Advanced Features&Challenges of 16m(2)Multi-hop relay-enabled architectureImprove the SINR in the cell for coverage extension and throughput enhancementSupport of femto-cells and self-organization Femto-cells are low power BS at homes achieving FMC Self-configuration by allowing real plug and play installation of network nodes and cellsSelf-optimization by allowing automated or autonomous optimization of network performance with respect to service availability,QoS,network efficiency and throughput37NDSLab Copyright2008Advanced Features&Challenges of 16m(3)Enhanced multicast and broadcast serviceMulti-carriers with dedicated broadcast only carriers Single/multi-BS MBSMulti-RAT operation and handover Support interworking with IEEE 802.11,GSM/EDGE,3GPP,3GPP2,CDMA2000etc.Multi-radio coexistenceMS reports its co-located radio activities to BSAccordingly,BS can operates properly via scheduling to support multi-radio coexistence38NDSLab Copyright2008Advanced Features&Challenges 16m(4)Advanced interference mitigationInterference-aware BS coordination to minimize inter-cell interferenceFractional frequency reuse and Tx beamforming to improve cell edge capacityInterference-aware scheduling via CQI metricsPower control for per subframe and per subscriber39NDSLab Copyright2008OutlineBackgroundIEEE 802.16 Standardization and WiMAX ForumWiMAX Systems&Protocols OverviewIntroduction to IEEE 8021.6j&IEEE 802.16mUsage modelsWork plane and documentsRequirements&evaluation methodologyNetwork architecture&reference modelAdvanced features&challenges of IEEE 802.16mNext Wave Technologies in WiMAX40NDSLab Copyright2008Driving Force of 4GTotal daily traffic in 2012 will be double up to 250 TB,and will be 5750 TB in 2020(i.e.Total traffic/subscriber/day of 495 Mbytes)in Western EuropeSource:MAGIC MOBILE FUTURE 2010-2020,UMTS Forum,200541NDSLab Copyright2008Vision of 4G42NDSLab Copyright2008Migration Paths Toward 4GGlobal Evolution Trends 3G Evolution 802.11n,Gigabit WLAN Broadband wireless Access 4G standard bodyPath 1Path 2Path 3Path 4High(250 Km/h)Medium(Vehicular)Low(Nomadic)14.4 Kbps144 Kbps384 Kbps 50 Mbps100 Mbps OFDMA/LTE19952000200520104GStandard1G2G3G Ev.CDMAGSMAMPSW-CDMA/HSDPACDMA2000/Ev-DV/DO3G+3GWireless Transmission100 Mbps(high mobility)1Gbps(Fixed,Nomadic)High Spectrum efficiency (510 bps/Hz)Ubiquitous communication Heterogeneous IWCost-effectiveHigh capacityLarger coverageWLAN802.11a/bWLAN802.11n143Source:“Korea 4G R&D and Standardization”,LGE,2006 IMT-Advanced4G 2WiBro 802.16e802.16 a/d802.16mVoiceVoiceMultimediaMultimediaNew Life StyleNew Life StyleData RateData RateMobilityMobilityITU WP5D43NDSLab Copyright2008Expected 4G Features In addition to the development of a total new system,4G network should integrate the existing systemFrom users viewpointHigh usabilityAnytime,anywhere with any technologiesSupport multimedia services at low costIn addition to telecomm and datacommPersonalizationUsers in different location,occupation,and economic classesIntegrated servicesMultiple services from multiple providers44NDSLab Copyright2008QuestionsThank You for Your Attention45NDSLab Copyright2008Copyright NDSL,Chang Gung University.Permission required for reproduction or display.更多资源http:/。
