2012届高考英语顶尖学案：大纲版Unit 10 Frightening nature 可怕的大自然核心词汇1．More than thirty miners were ____________ (埋) alive when there was an accident at the mine.2．Susan usually has a long hot ____________(浴)every evening and then goes to bed.3．Are you willing to stand up in court and ____________(宣誓)that you don’t know him?4. John lay back on the grass using his backpack as a ____________(枕头)，lost in thought.5．The state of Florida was hit by a ____________(飓风)that did serious damage.6．His getting there in such a short time is ____________(难以置信的)．7．He was sent to hospital ____________(立即地)after the accident.8．On his ____________(到达)，he got down to working.9．I ____________ him to tell the truth，but he did not have the ____________ to tell his parents that he failed to pass the exam.(courage)10．On seeing the ____________ scene，the little girl was so ____________ that she burst out crying.(frighten)1.buried 2.bath 3.swear 4.pillow 5.hurricane,6.unbelievable 7.immediately 8.arrival 9.encouraged,courage 10.frightening frightened高频短语1．________________ 直立；竖着2．________________ 吸引某人的注意3．________________ 近在手边；在附近4．________________ 要求；需要；(去某地)接(某人)5．________________ 另一个方向；相反6．________________ (使某人)镇静；(使某人)平静；(使某人)宁静7．________________ 上船(或火车、公共汽车、飞机等)8．________________ 漫游；〈口〉接连打击；(浪等)冲击(船等)；碰撞9．________________ 突然地；冷不防；意外地10．________________ 度过；经受住11．________________ 好像；仿佛1.on end 2.draw one’s attention 3.at hand 4.call for 5.the other day 6.calm(sb.)down 7.on board 8.knock about 9.all of a sudden 10.live through 11.as though/if重点句式1．Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now，________________，________they went.灰烬和烧黑的岩石开始往船上掉，他们走得越近，(灰烬和岩石)就越黑越多。
2．He looked ________ asleep ________ dead.他看上去没有死，而是睡着了3．You can pick out the important bits，for it is ____________ to write a letter，________ to write history，one thing to write to a friend，another to write for the public.你可以从中挑选重要的片段，因为写信跟写历史是两码事，信是写给朋友的，而书则是为公众写的4．________________，and that’s the last of her...再有一个这样的大浪，这船也就完了……5．The hurricane，________ its power ________ ships and to destroy strong walls，had found this little ship in its path.飓风威力无比，它能沉掉船只、推倒硬墙，飓风一路风驰电掣来到小船前6．Helped by two slaves he stood up，and immediately fell down，________.在两个奴隶的帮助下他站起来，但立刻倒下，死了。
1.darker and more；the closer 2.more；than 3.one thing；another 4.Another one like this 5.with；to sink 6.dead知识详解1.bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入【教材原句】(P75)About two thousand years ago a volcano in southern Italy erupted and buried two small towns under metres of hot ash and mud.大约两千年前，意大利南部的一座火山爆发，把两个小镇埋在数米厚的滚烫的火山灰和泥浆下④(牛津P262)Since she left，he’s buried himself in his work.自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上1．完成句子他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了he didn’t know that all the others had left.答案：Buried/Absorbed in his study即境活用2.urge 【教材原句】(P76)He paused for a moment wondering whether to turn back as the captain urged him.他停下片刻想着是否如船长劝的那样往回走。
1)v.催促；力劝；强烈要求①(朗文P2265)Katy’s family urged her to find another job.凯蒂的家人催促她去找另一份工作②He urged that we (should) take such steps.他极力主张我们采取这些步骤③He urged on his pupils the importance of hard work.他向学生们力言用功的重要2)n.强烈的欲望，迫切要求④He no longer has the urge to write letters to anybody.他再也没有给任何人写信的欲望了2．完成句子(1)不论你多么有创造力和富于技巧，请你一定不要这样做Regardless of how creative and skillful you are，we ________________ this.答案：urge you not to do(2)布朗极力劝说你应该重新考虑他的决定Brown urged that you _________________.答案：should reconsider his decision即境活用3.rise 【教材原句】(P76)We watched it rising from a mountain—at such a distance we couldn’t tell which one，but we later learnt that it was Mount Vesuvius.我们看着它从山上升腾起来——如此远的距离使我们看不出是哪座山，但后来我们得知是维苏威火山。
1)vi.上升；升起；起床；上涨①Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.每个人都知道太阳从东方升起西方落下②Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.早睡早起使人健康2)n.(数量、价格、需要等的)增加；增长③There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失业人数急剧增长④I’m going to ask for a rise.我打算要求加薪rise，arise，raise(1)rise 不及物动词，说明主语自身移向较高的位置⑤Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.在过去十年里，价格保持稳定上涨2)arise 发生，出现，呈现，引起不及物动词，相当于appear，occur，主语通常为 difficulty，problem，argument 等比较网站⑥Many new problems have arisen at the meeting.会上出现了很多的新问题。
3)raise 举起，抬起，提高，养育，栽培及物动词，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的⑦(朗文P1682)Do you think they will raise the price of gas again?你认为他们还会再次提高汽油的价格吗？3.(2011年成都模拟)With water ________，we must be prepared for the much more serious situation of fighting against the flood.A．rise B．roseC．rising D．to rise解析：选C考查“with＋复合宾语”结构所填词语作宾语补足语，故首先排除A和B两项；另外，to rise表示将来含义，rising强调动作正在进行，结合语境，此处应用rising表示水面正在上升即境活用4．________from the table，he made a suggestion that we________some money for those who suffered a great loss in the terrible earthquake.A．Upon rising；raised B．On raising；raisedC．Upon rising；raise D．On rising；rise解析：选C。
rise from the table离开餐桌；raise money for为……集资②I don’t know the exact spot where it happened.我不知道事情发生的确切地点③(朗文P1987)They offered me a job on the spot.他们当即给我提供了一份工作5．完成句子我刚刚坐下来工作就发现有东西在树林里挪动I had just sat down to work when I____________________in the trees.答案：spotted something moving即境活用5.sight n． 视觉；视力；视野；情景；风景；名胜【教材原句】(P76)The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.这样的景象唤起了我叔叔心中的探索欲望，促使他走近火山去看个究竟①I caught sight of an empty seat at the back of the bus.我看到公共汽车的后面有一个空座位。
②(朗文P1906)We stood at the window until their car came into sight.我们站在窗前，直到看见他们的车子③Suddenly they got separated，and then lost sight of each other.突然，他们分开了，看不见彼此④At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.乍看起来，他们的要求似乎满合理的⑤The rainbow over the sea is a beautiful sight.挂在大海上空的彩虹是一幅壮丽的景色．6．At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was________.A．out of sight B．out of reachC．out of order D．out of place即境活用解析：选A句意：在车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。
out of sight“看不见，在视野之外”，符合句意而out of reach“够不到，力所不能及的”；out of order“混乱的”；out of place“不适合的，不恰当的”，均不合句意7.The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common________in many parts of the city.A．look B．signC．sight D．appearance解析：选Clook面貌；sign记号；sight景象；appearance外表，出现根据上下文应选C项6.on board 在船(飞机、火车)上；在美国也指“上火车”①(朗文P199)A light plane with four people on board crashed last night.一架载有4人的轻型飞机昨晚坠毁②The plane is taking off，please go on board.飞机就要起飞了，请上飞机。
③There were 500 passengers on board the plane.有500名旅客搭乘那架飞机思维拓展8．—There are ships within________reach of the island.—But I can see nobody on________board.A．the；/ B．/；/C．the；the D．/；the解析：选Bwithin reach of和on board都是固定短语，都不用冠词即境活用句型梳理1.【教材原句】 (P76)Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now，darker and more，the closer they went. 灰烬和片片烧黑的岩石开始往船上掉，他们走得越近，(灰烬和岩石)就越黑也越多句法分析】 以上句式为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句型的变式，表示“越……越……”①The more we can do for you，the happier we will be.我们为你做得越多，我们越高兴。
②We like the painting better，the more we look at it.越看这幅画，我们越喜欢③The sooner，the better.越快越好9．As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，______.A．the more for life are you equippedB．the more equipped for life you areC．the more life you are equipped forD．you are equipped the more for life即境活用解析：选B此题考查“the more...，the more...”句式题意：就我个人而言，教育是关于学习的学得越多，对走向人生越有充分的准备在 the more...，the more...结构中，第二个句子用陈述句语序，即 the more ＋形容词/名词＋主语＋谓语，再结合be equipped for 的用法应说 the more equipped for life you are。
2.【教材原句】 (P76)He looked more asleep than dead.他看上去像是睡着了，而不像是死了句法分析】 more...than...此处作连词使用，可以连接两个形容词，意为“是……，而不是……；与其说是……，不如说是……”，用以比较两种说法的正确程度，表示前一种说法比后一种说法更正确一些①I was more angry than worried when they didn’t come home.他们没有回家，与其说我担心倒不如说我生气②She was more sad than angry when her son lied.当她的儿子撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心温馨提示】 more than修饰数词时表示“多于”；修饰名词、形容词、动词时，表示“不仅仅，不只是”③He must be more than 90 years old.他肯定有90多岁了④She is more than a teacher to the children.She loves them as if they were her own children.对孩子们来说，她不只是老师。
她爱他们如同己出10．—Jim has his wife do all the housework！Isn’t he wise?—Not really.He is________.A．more wise than lazy B．wiser than lazyC．more lazy than wise D．lazier than wise解析：选C句意是“Jim让他的妻子做所有的家务！他是不是很明智啊？”，“不真正是与其说他明智倒不如说他懒”即境活用3.【教材原句】 (P79)Another one like this，and that’s the last of her...再有一个这样的大浪，这船也就完了……【句法分析】 此句句式为：名词词组＋and＋简单句(多用将来时)，名词词组相当于一个条件句①One more week，and I’ll do the work better.再给我一周，我会把工作做得更好②One more word and I’ll knock you flat.你若再说一句话，我就把你摆平在地温馨提示】 “祈使句＋and/and then/or/or else/otherwise＋简单句”句式中祈使句也为条件句含义。
③Come early，and you’ll catch the first bus.早点来，你就能赶上第一班公共汽车④Use your head，or(else)you won’t find a way.动动脑筋，否则，你就找不到办法11．(2011年绵阳模拟)________，I think，and the problems could be settled.A．A bit more effortsB．Making greater effortsC．If you double your effortsD．So long as you make more efforts解析：选A句意：我认为，再做些努力，这些问题就能解决此句考查“名词词组＋and＋简单句”句型即境活用12.Stop making so much noise，________ my neighbour will start complaining.A．or B．but stillC．and then D．so that解析：选A。
根据前后两句的逻辑关系可知此处应用or表示“否则”，其余三个连词均不合语境6用心 爱心 专心。
