当前位置首页 > 外语学习 > 语法/写作
搜柄,搜必应! 快速导航 | 使用教程

高中英语阅读、语法、短文改错口诀

文档格式:DOCX| 32 页|大小 35.76KB|2025-03-14 发布|举报 | 版权申诉
第1页
第2页
当前文档最多预览2页,下载文档查看全文
1 / 32
此文档下载收益归作者所有 下载文档
  • 版权提示
  • 文本预览
  • 常见问题
  • 读分精泛,快慢相间;预想在先,生词不看;抓住观点,重点三看;行云流水,字里行间;材料观点,铭记心间;牢记问题,抓住关键;回问查看,比较选项;选择答案,排除在先;先易后难,不可弄反;调整节奏,计时答完;表达方式,必须牢记;防止遗忘,勤于动笔;边答边查,防止题落;节省时间,避免遗憾 高考英语短文改错口诀为了提高做短文改错题的能力,除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外,还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解,以便做到目标明确,有的放矢,从而提高解题的正确率本文拟从语法和逻辑的角度,用口诀的形式,向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误短文改错口诀:动词形,名词数;注意形和副;非谓动词细辨别;习惯用法要记住;句子成分多分析;逻辑错误须关注一. 动词形主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误例如:My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. (is)Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。

    找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念,注意短文内容发生或存在的时间,保持时间概念的一致性二. 名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误常表现为将名词复数写成单数例如:…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)三. 区分形和副及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法这也是高考短文改错的常考点例如:I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)需要注意的是,形容词多用来做定、表、补语等,而副词只能在句子中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time,第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子四. 非谓动词细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一主要有分词和动名词类错误,也包括不定式类错误例如:…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested)Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing)My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语,和不定式作目的状语。

    一般的,现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义,而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来时态的含义五. 习惯用法要记住主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识这也是历年高考的常考点,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误例如:It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of)We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of)六. 句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误例如:They ∧eager to know everything about China and… (were)I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which)第一例漏掉了谓语动词were,这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符,where是副词,不能作主语。

    七. 逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误如称谓上的张冠李戴,人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误,常是这类错误的考查对象例如:The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉more)… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone)上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩),因此后面的his不合逻辑第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思,才开始告诉别人,怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端,“我们”把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了,所以与从前一样,大家又都读书了,所以该用everyone除了上述错误类型外,常考的错误形式还有:连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误),以及冠词的用法错误等。

    例如:She was smiling but nodding at me. (and)It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (or)We may be one family and live under a same roof. (the)下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀现在请你试着做一做,然后参阅题后的答案与简析Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to EmeiMountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows,it’s famous 76. _____Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____the mountain,the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____climbed the mountain,we ed monkeys,visiting temples 80. _____and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____head touched the pillow.答案与简析:76. famous前加上a.(名词数)77. 正确78. we前面加when,引导一个时间状语从句。

    句子成分多分析)79. them→us (逻辑错误须关注)80. visiting→visited(非谓动词细辨别)81. picture→pictures(名词数)82. passes→passed(动词形)83. 去掉down(习惯用法要记住)84. and→but(but,and,or和so)85. 去掉at(句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住)改错要想拿高分语法口诀要记牢(一)    见到谓语找主语,主谓一致找状语见到名词想多数,可不可数要记牢见到平行看结构,形式功能要对称见到代词找指代,指代通常不合理带宾语必带to,不带宾语不带 to小小of常抓的点,of前名词adj最高级比较级不修饰比较级,最高级不修饰最高级(二)谓与非谓经常混谓语句中就一个其余动词非谓语常见形式有三种v-ing ,v-ed和to do主谓通常v-ing动宾通常v-ed现在分词表主动过去分词表被动目的要用不定式by前有过去分词相拥by后有动名词后抱介词后跟动名词时态基点要搞清现在还是过去时(三)规则是说谎   lie   lied   lied不规则是躺   lie   lay   lain躺过就下蛋   lay   laid  laid 高中英语:介词运用记忆口诀早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、点与分。

    年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in介词at和to表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、*、著论着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准特定时日和"一……就",on后常接动名词年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage则用inat山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因就……来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类know to manthis、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯over、under正上下,above、below则不然,若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关'beyond超出、无、不能,against*着,对与反besides,except分内外,among之内along沿同类比较except,加for异类记心间。

    原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词under后接修、建中,of、from物、化分before、after表一点, ago、later表一段before能接完成时,ago过去极有限since以来during间,since时态多变换与之相比beside,除了last but one复不定for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南but for否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言ing型由于鉴,除了除外与包合之后、关于、在......方面,有关介词须记全in内to外表位置,山、水、国界to在前早、午、晚要用in  例:in the morning 在早上  in the afternoon 在下午  in the evening 在晚上  in the day 在白天  at黎明、午、夜、点与分  例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候  at noon 在中午  at night 在夜间  at midnight 在午夜  以上短语都不用冠词  at six o'clock 在6点钟  at 7:30 (seven thirty) 在7点半  at half past eleven 在11点半  at nine fifteen 在9点15分  at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分  也可以写成  seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)  five minutes after two 2点过5分  at a quarter to two 1点45分  at the weekend 在周末年、月、年月、季节、周  即在"来年",在"某月",在"某年某月" (但在某年某月某  日则用on),在四季,在第几周等都要用in。

      例;in 1986 在1986年  in 1927 在1927年  in April 在四月  in March 在三月  in December 1986 1986年12月  in July l983 1983年7月  in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季  in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季  in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周  in the third week 在第三周  阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in,  即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in  例:Don't read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书  They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课  They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉  a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯  He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。

      The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛.以及:in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下  a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人  the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女  in uniform 穿着制服  in mourning 穿着丧服  in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋  in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫将来时态in...以后  例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来  I'll come round in a day or two. 我一两天就回来  We'll be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来  Come and see me in two days' time. 两天后来看我从现在开始)  after... (从过去开始)小处at大处in  例:Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don't worry. 李和我平安地到达黑山县,一切很好,勿念。

      I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市,我姐姐住在一个小城镇,而我的父母则住在农村  I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市.  有形with无形by,语言 、单位、材料in例:The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路有形)  The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文有形)  "Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy" is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是-出好戏无形)  The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil. 这种产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油表示方式、手段、方法--无形)  I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed.我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。

    表示某种语言用in)  I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一本小说同上)  The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system.公里是米制中最长的长度单位表示度、量、衡单位的用in )  The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的同上)  This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的  特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in  特征或状态:  例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政  They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态  He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好  Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来,却满怀希望而去。

      The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟  The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣跟穿破了  His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了  I only said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的  She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 与其说她讲得很气愤,不如说她讲得很伤心  还有一些短语也用in,如:  in jest 诙谐地,in joke 开玩笑地,in spite 恶意地, in fairness 公正地,in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大,in sorrow 伤心地等  His mind was in great confusion. 他脑子里很乱  Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb. 今天大家都兴高采烈,没有一个情绪低落的  She and her classmates are in flower ages. 她和她的同学都正值妙龄。

      The compaign was in full swing. 运动正值高潮中  方面:  例:we accepted the item in principle. 我们在原则上接受了这个条款They are never backward in giving their views. 他们从来不怕发表自己的意见  The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain. 这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给  A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范  方式:  例:All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了  The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism. 党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们  如下成语惯用in  例如:in all 总计  in advance 事前  in the meantime 与此同时  in place 适当地  in hopes of(或in the hope of) 怀着.......希望  in connection with 和……有关  in contact with 和……联系  in addition to 除......以外  in case of 倘若,万一  in conflict with 和......冲突  in force 有效的,大批  in depth 彻底地  in regard to 关于  in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近  in retrospect 回顾,一想起  in behalf of 代表......利益  in the least 一点,丝毫  in alarm 惊慌、担心  in the opinion of 据……见解  in the long run 从长远说来in one's opinion 在……看来  in word 口头上  in a word 总之  in vain 无益地, 白白地  in case 如果,万一,以防  in detail 详细地  in haste 急急忙忙地  in conclusion 总之  in spite of 尽管  in other words... 换句话说  in return 作为回报  in the name of 以......名义  be confident in 对......有信心  be interested in 对......感兴趣  in doubt 怀疑  in love 恋爱中  in debt 负债  in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地  in hesitation 犹豫不决  in wonder 在惊奇中  in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地)in a good humour 心情(情绪)好  "介词at、to表方向,攻击、位置、善、恶、分"。

      介词at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向时,侧重于攻击的目标,往往表示恶意;用to表示方向时,突出运动的位置或动作的对象,侧重表示善意试比较下列各句:  1. A.She came at me. 她向我扑过来  B.She came to me. 她向我走过来  2.A.Jake ran at John. 几 杰克向约翰扑过去  B.Jake ran to John. 杰克朝约翰跑去  3.A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去  B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他带着剑向那妇女跑过去  4.A.He shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人  B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说  5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听见她在抱怨小李  B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听见她在同小李低声说话  6.A. She talked at you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢。

      B.She talked to you just now. 她刚才还同你谈话呢.  7.A.She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗  B.She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃8.A.He presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我  B.He presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪  日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用on例: on Octorber the first 1949 1949年10月1日  on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日  on May the first 5月1日  on the first 1号  on the sixteenth 16号  on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚  on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)  on New Year's Day 在元旦  on my birthday 在我的生日  但 in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期; in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪; in ancient times 在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在现代,则用in,the present time 现在,at the present day当今则用at。

      on May Day 在"五·一"节  on winter day 在冬天  on Decenber 12th 1950 l950年12月12日  on Sunday 在星期天  on Monday 在星期一  on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨  on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午  on Friday evening 星期五晚上但last night 昨夜;in the evening 在晚上; on time准时,in time及时,等则不同  年月日,加早午晚,of之前on代in  例:on the morning of 18th 18日早晨  on the evening of 4th 4日晚上  On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会,他们的团长发表了告别讲话  收音、农场,值日on  例:Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night?  您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗?  I heard the news over (or on) the radio. 我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。

      taIk over the radio 由无线电播音  on TV 从电视里......  hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到  My brother works on an Army reclamation farm. 我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作  The students are working on a school farm. 学生们正在校办农场劳动  This is a farmer's house on a farm. 这是农场的农舍  Who is on duty, tody? 今天谁值日?  We go on duty at 8 a.m. 我们上午8点钟上班关于、基础、*、著论  例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation. 今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告  Professor Shen will give us a talk on travelling in America. 申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。

      You are wrong on all these issues. 在这些问题上你的看法都错了  The belief is based on practical experience. 这种信念是以实际经验为基础的  Theory must be based on practice. 理论必须以实践为基础  The people in the south live on rice. 南方人主食大米)  The citizens live on their salaries. 城市人*薪金生活  You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month. *月薪100元的收入,你是买不起奢侈品的  Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food. 她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗  He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people. 他正是一个小偷,专*损害别人过日子  Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling). 让水壶的水一直开着。

      The enemy are on the run (=running). 敌人在逃跑  on后接the加上一个作名词的动词.其意义与现在分词所表达的相近类似例子很多如:  on the march在行军中,on the mend 在好转中,on the prowl徘徊,on the move活动中,on the scrounge巧取豪夺(埋语),on the go活跃,忙碌,on the lookout注意, 警戒,on the watch监视着on the hop趁不备抓住某人等等  on the People's Democratic Dictatorship<<实践论>>和<<矛盾论>>  on the People's Democratic Dictatorship<<论人民民主专政>>"on Coalition Government" <<论联合政府>>着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付,相反、准  注:口诀中的"着"是指着火,罢指罢工,偷指偷偷地,公指出差、办公事;假指休假,准指准时  例:The house next to mine was on fire. 我邻居的房子着火了。

      The workers of the railway station were on strike. 铁路工人罢工了  Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale. 新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了  do something on the sly (quiet). 秘密地(暗地里,偷偷地)做某事  I've come here on business. 我是有公事来的  They went to Bern on a mission. 他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命  They has been away on a long trip. 他们出去做一次长途旅行  I'll go home on leave next month. 下月我将休假回家  I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave. 我是公出去上海的,不是不告面别  She came to see you on purpose. 她是专程来看你的  He came here on purpose to discuss it with you. 他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。

      This lunch is on me.  "No. let's go Dutch."  "这顿午饭我付钱"  "不,还是各付各的"  On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反,这事儿很容易理解  P1ease come on time. (on schedule). 请准时来  注:in time是"及时"的意思The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达  特定时间和"一……就",左右on后动名词  例:Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling. 气体加热时膨胀,冷却时收缩特定时间)  On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 一进屋,他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞  On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话  I'll write to him on hearing from you. 我接到你的来信就给他写信。

    一……就)  以及on the left, right向左向右,on the stair在台阶上等  步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage用in  例:On foot步行; on horse骑马; on donkey 骑驴  He rode on, blood flowing from his side. 他骑着马,鲜血从腰部流下来  The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit. 为赶上部队,那位八路军战士骑马日行百里  Go on horse back! 骑马去!  You are having me on! 你和我开玩笑呢!  in cab和in carriage 不能用on或by cab或carrige  at山脚、门口在当前,速、温、日落价核心  即在山脚下、在门口、在目前,速度、以……速率、温度、在日落时、在……核心要用at  例:At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades. 在山脚下,有我们30个同志。

    There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖  At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball. 门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球  Who's standing there at the door? 谁站在门口?  I don't need the dictionary at present. 我现在还不需要这本词典  He is at present in Washington. 他目前正在华盛顿  The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour. 火车每小时行驶50公里  we built the plant at top speed and minimun cost. 我们以最低的投资,最高的速度修建了该工厂  at home 在国内,在家里  at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10度  at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10度Water freezes at 0°centigrade. 水在镊氏零度结冰。

      Water usually boils at 100°. 水通常在摄氏loo度沸赐  at zero 在零度  at the rate of 45 miles an hour  at full speed 全速  at a good price 高价  at a low cost 低成本  at a great cost 花了很大代价  at that time 在当时  Evaporation takes place at all tempertures. 蒸发在任何温度下都能发生at 1000RPM (revolution per minute) 每分钟1000转  at a high speed 高速  The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset. 战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击  at daybreak 日出时  The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party. 领导我们事业的核心力量是中国共产党。

      The atom has a nucleus at its core. 在原子的中心有一个原于核  At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us. 这学期开始,我们的班主任老师对我们要求非常严格 高中英语语法口诀高中阶段的语法知识在现行的教材中分布得较分散、零碎,学生学起来颇感吃力,难以记牢一般说来,学习语法知识的途径很多,但教学中常用的主要有如下二种:一是通过教师的讲解,对所学语法规则的概念、结构,用法有个确切的了解;二是通过大量的练习,在英语实践中正确、熟练地掌握语法规则的用法仔细惦量这两种方法,其实都强调了同一个极其重要的东西,即是“记忆”记忆的方式、方法很多,诸如分类记忆法,直观形象记忆法、奇持联想记忆法,特征记忆法等等这里,笔者主要从词法与句法两大块对巧记英语语法作些阐述一、词法(一)巧记名词变复数的规则:单数变为复数式,一般词尾加-s;下列句词词尾后,要加-s先加-e发音[f] 、[ t ]、[s]和[z],或是某些辅音加-o时有些名词变复数,词尾变化要注意。

    y前字母是辅音,一律变y为-ies.遇到f和fe,有时需要变-ves.少数名词不规则,特殊情况要强记说明:1.名词变复数形式,一般在词尾加-s.eg: bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens, ....2.词尾发音为[f , t s, z]的名词(即以字母sh, ch, s, x结尾者)在变复数时,要在词尾加-es,eg: watch-watches, box-boxes, bus-buses,etc)3.若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母,变为复数时,有些加-es,eg: hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, patato-patatoes, tomato-tomatoes.这四个词可组成一句话来记忆:Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes(英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿简为二人吃二菜但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s,eg: photo – photoes, piano –pianos等4.若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时,变为复数,首先把y变为i,再加-es, eg: family – families, city- cities, baby – babies等,但若词尾y前为元音字母时,则可直接加-s, eg: day-days, boy-boys等。

    5.以f和fe结尾的名词变复数时,首先将f和fe变为v, 再加-es,我们也可用一句话来记,“狼(wolf)和小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)威胁书架(shelf)上的半片(half)叶子(leaf)的生命(life)另外记住一些常见特殊词,eg: roof—roofs.6. 有些名词的复数变化是不规则的,eg: man-men, woman-women, child-children, chinese- chinese, sheep-sheep等,平时多留心,稍微加以归纳,是不难发现其的特征的二)定冠词冠词是NMET试题中出现较频繁的词性,近五年复出率高达83.3%因而掌握冠词,尤其是定冠词的用法也尤其必要请看下面的顺口溜,它可以帮助我们记忆定冠词的一些用法:特指、重提和唯一,岛屿,海峡和海湾;海洋,党派最高级,沙漠,河流与群山;方位、顺序和乐器,年代,团体与机关;船名,建筑和组织,会议,条约与报刊;姓氏复数,国全名,请你记住用定冠下面让我们再来“验证”这顺口溜吧请仔细观察下面各句中定冠词的用法,不难发现它的“功效”与“真伪”了1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia.2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 8:003. The sun gives us heat and light.4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all.5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being?7. She’s on the People’s Daily.8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.9. Who was the first to come?10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room.11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990’s12. In 1864, Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the second time.(三)非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式,动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。

    这是高考中的热点,其考查量多、面广,几乎是必考的一个知识点近六年高考复现率达百分之百纵观试题,其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别学生对此知识也“知之半解”,深感头疼请看下面的方法,将有助于记住不定式及动名词1、动词的不定式①不定式有标记,to与动词连一起②没有人称数变化,动词特点它具备③主宾定状表补语,唯独作谓不可以④not 加上不定式,否定结构要牢记⑤疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义⑥仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据解析:①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式,即不定式的标记②它没有人称和数的变化,不管主语是任何人称,单数还是复数,动词不定式都没有变化但它仍保留动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点,所以,它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式,不要受其他否定式的影响,要记住规律⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语,宾语、表语、状语⑥通过以上分析,只要仔细研究,把不定式的功能用法搞清楚,在应用时就能作出准确的判断。

    2、动名词:哪些动词后面只能接动名词,下面的顺口溜有助于记忆喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)停止,放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)建议继续勤*练(suggest, go on, practise)不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse , insist on)继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)(四)多个形容词并开修饰一个名词的问题有两三个形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词若有多个形容词修饰,可用下面这句话来判断、排列它们的顺序:县官行令杀国材其意思是:县(限)代表限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词,所有格,数字等官(观)代表表示观点的描绘性形容词,eg: fine beautiful interesting等行(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词:eg: small tall, high, little, round等。

    令代表表示年龄、新旧的形容词:eg: old, young等杀色(近似音)代表表示颜色的形容词:eg: white, black等国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词:eg: Englsih, American, moun tain等材代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词,eg: wooden, silk, plastic, stone等请看下面的例子:a fine old stone bridge;two big round new Chinese wood。

    点击阅读更多内容
    卖家[上传人]:小魏子好文库
    资质:实名认证
    相关文档
    正为您匹配相似的精品文档