单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,2021/1/30,#,2021,届高考英语二轮复习语法专题,2,冠词,1,2021届高考英语二轮复习语法专题2冠词1,命题规律,：,2020,年新高考,I,卷及近五年课标卷在语篇型填空中对冠词的考查集中在冠词的基本用法上，冠词的习惯用法已经成为高考的难点之一命题趋势,：对冠词的考察仍会成为高考语篇型填空的重点，而且对冠词的考察往往不给提示词重点,易错点,2,命题规律：2020年新高考I卷及近五年课标卷在语篇型填空中对,一、冠词的泛指、特指,泛指,是指首次提到的、不限定的人或事物特指,是指在上文已提到的人或事物，也可以指说话双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物3,一、冠词的泛指、特指3,例题：,The biggest whale is,(the)blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of,9-story building.,答案：,the a,4,例题：4,二、不定冠词,1,、不定冠词的基本用法,(1),不定冠词有,a,an,两种形式。
当冠词后的第一个音素为,辅音音素,（注意不是辅音字母）时，用,a;,当冠词后的第一个音素为,元音音素,（注意不是元音字母）时，用,an,Eg:a digital camera,an ant,a university,a one-eyed dog,an hour,an X-ray,5,二、不定冠词5,特别提醒,（,1,）,hour,honest,honor,等词的拼写虽以辅音字母,hour,开头，但其读音却以,元音开头,，以此前面要用,an,2,）,useful,，,university,usual,united,European,one-eyed,one-way,等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头，但其读音却以,辅音开头,，因此，前面要用,a,6,特别提醒6,（,3,）如果名词被副词,hardly,scarcely,barely,exactly,所修饰，或和一个形容词共同修饰时，不定冠词要放在上述,副词之后，形容词之前,Eg:This is hardly a right thing to do.,这不是一件正确的事7,（3）如果名词被副词hardly,scarcely,ba,例题：,1.I earn 10 dollars,hour,as,supermarket cashier on Saturdays.,2.The teacher asked us to write,800-word-long,composition.,3.Christmas is,special holiday when the whole family are supposed.,答案：,1.an a;2.an;3.a,8,例题：8,2,、含不定冠词的常考短语,have a cold,患感冒,have a god time,玩得高兴,have a gift for.,有,.,的天赋,have a word with.,与,.,谈话,have/take a rest,休息下,have a holiday,度假,make a living,谋生,get a lift/ride,搭便车,go on a diet,节食,9,2、含不定冠词的常考短语9,as a result,因此,as a matter of fact,事实上,as a rule,通常，照例,after a while,一会儿后,in a hurry,匆忙,in a sense,在某种意义上,in a word,总之,in a moment,一会儿,once in a while,偶尔,at a loss,困惑，不知所措,at a distance,离,一段距离,10,as a result 因此10,for a while,暂时，一会儿,once upon a time,从前,all of a sudden,突然,a waste of.,浪费,.,a matter of.,问题,have a population.,有,人口,have a history of.,有,.,的历史,a collection of,一批,.,have a knowledge of,（,=know,）知道,have an understanding of,（,=understand,）了解,11,for a while暂时，一会儿11,例题：,1.I dont want to have words with you.I prefer to have_ word with you.,2.The power supply was cut off.All of_ sudden,the lights went out.,3.China has,far larger population than Canada.,4.The quality of the ambulance service is_ matter of life and death.,答案：,1.a;2.a;3.a;4.a,12,例题：12,三、定冠词,用法：,1,、用在表示,特指的人或物,的名词前。
Eg:Thebookonthedeskismine.,书桌上的那本书是我的2,、用在,姓氏复数,前，表示一家人或夫妇二人Eg:TheChensaregoingtomovetoLangfang.,姓陈的一家要搬到廊坊去13,三、定冠词13,3,、用在,世纪、年代、朝代,名词前或用在表示,方位,的名词前theTangdynasty,唐朝,theSpringandAutumnPeriod,春秋时期,inthe1990s/1990s,在,20,世纪,90,年代,thesouth,南方,/,部,4,、用在,表度量单位,的名词前，表示“每一”,如,by the hour/day/week/month year/dozen/yard/ton/kilo,，但是,size,，,weight,这类名词跟,by,连用时不加定冠词Eg:Wegotpaidbythemonth.,我们按月计酬Meatissoldbyweight.,肉按重量出售14,3、用在世纪、年代、朝代名词前或用在表示方位的名词前14,5,、,“,the+,形容词或分词”,有时也可表类指Eg:thewounded,伤员,thedying,垂死之人,theunknown,未知的事物,thedeaf,耳聋的人,6,、,“动词,+sb.+,介词,+the+,身体某部”,结构中的,the,不可用物主代词代替。
此外，在,be red in the face,（脸红），,be lame in the right leg,（右腿瘸），,be blind in the left eye,（左眼失明）等结构中，名词前也要用,the,Eg:Anapplefellfromthetreeandhithimonthehead.,一个苹果从树上落下，砸在了他的头上15,5、“the+形容词或分词”有时也可表类指15,7,、用于,江河海洋、山脉群岛、海湾海峡,等地理名词前Eg:TheYellowRiveristhecradleofChineseculture.,黄河是中华文化的摇篮TheWestLakeisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.,西湖以其美景著称8,、用于,含普通名词,的国家、组织机构、建筑物、报纸杂志、会议条约等名称前,Eg:IshallneverforgetseeingtheGreatWallforthefirsttime.,我永远不会忘记第一次见到长城的情景16,7、用于江河海洋、山脉群岛、海湾海峡等地理名词前16,9,、用于,序数词或形容词、副词的最高级,前注意：当两者进行比较时，在比较级前加定冠词起到特指作用，表示“两者中较的一方,。
Eg:Hewasthefirsttospeakagainstslavery.,他是第一个发表演说反对奴隶制的人Heisthebetterofthetwo.,他是两者中较好的那个10,、用于,西方乐器,前Eg:playthepiano/violin/guitar,弹钢琴,/,拉小提琴,/,弹吉他,11,、用在,same,，,very,，,only,前构成,the same/very/only+,名词,结构Eg:Heistheveryperson,（,=justtheperson,）,Iamlookingfor.,他正是我在找的人Heistheonlypoetinthiscountrythatdeservesthename.,他是这个国家唯一一位名副其实的诗人17,9、用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前注意：当两者进行比较,12,、用在某些,固定短语,中in the countryside,在乡下,in the end,最后，终于,in,（,the,）,daytime,在白天,in the habit of,习惯于,make the most of,充分利用,in the distance,在远处,in the way,挡路,on the whole,总的说来,on the right/left,在右,/,左边,18,12、用在某些固定短语中。
18,at the moment,此刻,for the time being,暂时,in the meantime,同时,at the end of.,的尽头,in the playground,在操场上,go to the doctors,去看医生,by the way,顺便提,-,下,the other day,前几天,on the radio/phone,通过无线电广播,/,电话,on the spot,在现场，当场，当下,19,at the moment此刻19,to tell,（,you,）,the truth,说实话，老实说,go to the cinema,去看电影,not in the least,（,=not at all,）一点也不,on the one handon the other hand.,一方面,，另一方面,.,for the most part,通常，多半,all the time,一直,特别提醒：,1,、定冠词通常放在,all,both,double,exactly,just,等词之后2,、定冠词要放在,half,twice,much,之后20,to tell（you）the truth说实话，老实说20,例题：,1.The little boy took the blind man by,arm and walked him across the street.,2.Then,Smiths were listening to the boy who was playing,piano.,3.In fact,Chinese language is the m most difficult one in the world.,4.I think Tom is,cleverer of the two boys who is,first to solve the problem.,5.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on,Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in,thirteenth century.,答案：,1.the;2.the the;3.the;4.the the;5.the the,21,例题：1.The little boy took th,四、零冠词,用法：,1,、,不可数名词，复数。
